The Ethics Of Care An Argument Against Mill s...

In Support of Held’s Ethics of Care: An Argument Against Mill’s Utilitarianism in Crime and Punishment by Fyodor Dostoevsky This ethics study will define the problem of utilitarianism in the â€Å"ethics of care proposed by Virginia Held (2006) within the literary context of Crime and Punishment by Fyodor Dostoevsky. Held (2006) defines the problem of utilitarian ethics as an abstraction of emotions in moral issues, which alienates the individual in the care process. This method denies the premise of care† when Raskolnikov decides to murder an old man in order to rationalize the death of woman to save the lives of thousands in terms of health care. Held would view Raskolnikov’s descent into criminal behavior as part of this immoral aspect of Mill s theory of values. More so, Held (2006) would discern the â€Å"greater good† theory of Mill’s ethical approach to without an emotional or relational value systems between human beings. In essence, an argument against Mill’s utilitarian Theory of Values will define Raskolnikov’s descent into criminality in the context of Held’s ethics of care philosophy of interpersonal relationships in the community. Virginia Held (2006) sought to bring a more emotional and non-abstracted evaluation of human relationships outside of the abstract reasoning of John Stuart Mill’s premise of a Theory of Values in utilitarian philosophy. Utilitarianism defines an abstracted evaluation of the â€Å"greater good† of society, which claims an impartial view ofShow MoreRelatedDeontological Theories And Duties Have Existed For Centuries Essay1625 Words   |  7 PagesMorgan Meyer Meyer 1 PHIL 242 Section 1010 A.R 8/12/2016 1.) Deontological Ethics Deontological theories and duties have existed for centuries, primarily because of religion. Before philosophers like Immanuel Kant religious beliefs are what kept people from stealing from their neighbor or cheating on their partners. Kant is responsible for developing a deontological theory completely independent of these religious beliefs and moral responsibilities. His moral theory became extremelyRead MoreJohn Stuart Mill s Doctrine And Utilitarianism1802 Words   |  8 PagesThe approach that I strongly agree is the John Stuart Mill’s doctrine and Utilitarianism. Utilitarianism is a moral approach that believes `` the supreme principle of morality is to produce as much happiness as possible`` (118). And ``There is in reality nothing desired except happiness`` (118). Utilitarianism evaluates the action according on the amount of happiness. The good action is the one that its result is the most desirable happiness. I choose this approach because I think, if every personRe ad MoreBentham And Mill ( 1806-1873 ) And John Stuart Mill Essay1302 Words   |  6 Pagesin history are Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) and John Stuart Mill (1806-1873). Bentham and Mill were very important individuals when it came to philosophy. Their theories has had a major impact both on philosophical work and also an impact when it comes too economically, politically, and socially. Utilitarian’s are consequentialist individuals who believe that actions are right inasmuch as they promote happiness. But Mill defines utilitarianism as a theory based on the principle that actions are rightRead MoreEthics Is The Branch Of Study Dealing With Social Principles3917 Words   |  16 PagesAlougba Nicole Gnonse- Padonou A.N. Gnonse-P 1 Cliff Hill Moral Reasoning 12/12/2014 FINAL PAPER Ethics is the branch of study dealing with social principles. It’s a requirement of what is the proper line of action for human life. Although ethics is a central component of any happy, health, and mature life, many disagree about the value of living an ethical life. In order to solve crucial moral problems created by human existence, philosophers use ethical theories for their issues. A theoryRead MoreThe Legal Ethics Of The Unlicensed Engineer Essay1349 Words   |  6 Pagesfundamental and pertinent issues on ethical standards and morality. Needless to say, ethics and morals ought to plays an imperative role in all decision-making processes of all professions. It is, therefore, paramount for Engineers to guarantee all things are done flawlessly, without even raising a shadow of a doubt. The case of the unlicensed engineer is of foremost, one of the ethical erroneous deed. More so, morality and ethics are not just about whether or not one puts money before safety. This pap er willRead MoreConsequentialist Ethics: Mozi 1224 Words   |  5 Pagesconcerns. These concerns have led to several national and international laws and regulations. For example, in the United States, the health insurance portability and accountability act (HIPPA) [1] establishes minimum federal standard for protecting patient ´s data privacy. The privacy rule allows the reuse of patient identifiable data if consented by patient and ethical board approval. Data anonymized or de-identified according to specific standards is not subjected to the privacy rule and can be reusedRead MoreJohn Ross And Mill s Utilitarianism And Ross Essay2178 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction: Mill s Utilitarianism and Ross Intuitionalism both use moral intuitions as core components of their moral theories, though their valuation of these intuition in making morally sound decisions differ. I will argue that it is this mis-valuation of moral intuition in Utilitarian tradition that makes the moral theory unstable and prone to criticism. Ross deontological approach to moral intuitions provides a more believable, and morally acceptable account of the role these intuitionsRead MoreJohn Ross And Mill s Utilitarianism And Ross Essay1926 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction: Mill s Utilitarianism and Ross Intuitionalism both use moral intuitions as core components of their moral theories, but their valuation of these intuitions in making morally sound decisions differ. I will argue that it is this misevaluation of moral intuition in the  Utilitarian tradition that makes the moral theory unstable and prone to criticism. Ross deontological approach to moral intuitions provides a more believable, and morally acceptable account of the role these intuitionsRead MoreMoral Perspectives On Physician Assisted Suicide2738 Words   |  11 Pagesthe potential misuse of this new law. The most well-known case of physician-assisted suicide involved Jack Kevorkian, a retired pathologist who assisted nearly 100 suicides between 1990 and 1998. He ultimately was convicted of murder in 1999. The ethics of physician assisted suicide has been one of the most prevalent debates regarding this issue. Major concerns are maintenance of dignity and preservation of the autonomy of the individual. Contemporary ethical theories have been dissected and interpretedRead More Ethical Theories  and Major Moral Principles Essay5111 Words   |  21 Pagesor her own ethics, in other words, ethics is individual. The amazing thing about ethical theory, however, is not that there are so many theories, but that there are really very few. Most of contemporary ethical theory is governed by two basic theories, with an additional five or six theories taking up the vast majority of the rest of the discussion. Over the course of the next few pages I will explain to you the basics of eight different ethical theories: utilitarianism, Kantian ethics, contractarianism

Genetic Testing And Identification Of Dna Extraction

Introduction. Extracting DNA from available cells is a widely used practice with applications such as forensics, genetic testing and victim identification to name a few. DNA extractions have been widely practiced for decades. This report simply summarises our results comparing two methods. The tests compared the effectiveness of the often cited ‘salting out method’ based on Sunnucks and Hales’ (1996) method of DNA extraction from aphids, with a ‘science-at-home’ style method of DNA extraction according to the NHGRI’s video â€Å"how to extract DNA from strawberries† (2010) This made use of household detergent as a surfactant to allow the DNA out of the cell and its contents. This method is cheaper to run, not involving costlier laboratory chemicals like Proteinase K. (Ciulla, Sklar and Hauser, 1988, page 488) Each requires high precision to differentiate between samples from different individuals, and it is ideal to produce accurate results from a small sample. The sample must consist only of DNA for gel electrophoresis to give proper results, containing no protein or lipid impurities. The samples must be pure to be comparable, something that the YouTube method cannot offer with reliability due to not using Proteinase K, which was applied early in the salting out method to denature proteins for later removal. The YouTube method is predicted to obtain DNA, but not with the same consistency or accuracy as the salting out method, due to the lack of time andShow MoreRelatedAnnotated Bibliography On Dna Fingerprinting1019 Words   |  5 PagesDNA fingerprinting is a scientific technology involving the extraction, replication and arrangement of strands of an organism’s DNA. This results in the formation of a genetically distinctive fingerprint that is unique to the organism which the DNA sample was originally extracted from. Because of the specificity of a DNA fingerprint, the application of this technology can have a substantial influence on many aspects of society. Accessibility to a DNA database allows for higher efficiency in forensicRead MoreDna Barcoding Essay766 Words   |  4 Pagespast decade, DNA barcoding has emerged as an advanced molecular diagnostic tool for species identification. DNA barcoding relies on a biological barcode or uniform region of DNA to probe organisms. T he term ‘DNA barcode’ is applied to a standardized short sequence of DNA. It can be used as a unique identification marker to recover and characterize organisms or species. It identifies unknown samples by matching a specific genetic marker to a reference sequence library[1-3]. An ideal DNA barcode hasRead MoreWhat is DNA Profiling?1659 Words   |  7 PagesAnthropology Forensic DNA Analysis What is DNA Profiling? There are many different terms used in conjunction to DNA Profiling; DNA testing, DNA typing and genetic fingerprinting. This is a technique which is used by Forensic Scientists by means of assistance in the identification of individuals by their DNA profiles. A DNA profile is an encrypted set of numbers w0hich reflects an individual’s DNA makeup. This encryption can also be used when identifying a person. DNA profiling is NOT howeverRead MoreGenetics Module 7 Lab 2 Essay1692 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿******************************************************************************************** Answer Sheet—Module 7 Lab DNA Extraction Click on the following link and view the DNA extraction: http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/labs/extraction/ 1. What is the source of the cells used in this demonstration? A human. 2. Give three practical uses of DNA that is extracted:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   a. Genetic testing   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   b. Body Identification   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   c. Forensic analysis 3. Name the piece of equipment used to obtain the cellsRead MoreThe Theory Of The Germ Theory1122 Words   |  5 Pagesinject a health animal with a small dose of the disease they won’t contract the disease. But Koch was able to further his research on the disease and its life cycle. It was the work of Pasture and Koch that opened the door for other researchers to identification of disease-causing and lifesaving treatments. b) For- The Germ theory ï  ¶ The Washing hand theory showed that midwives cleaned their hand more often than doctors which then later showed there were more deaths with doctors than midwivesRead MoreImpact Of Dna Fingerprinting3430 Words   |  14 PagesDNA profiling technologies have had a considerable impact on how forensic science and criminal investigation have been understood, carried out, and regulated in the last 25 years. Current methods of forensic DNA profiling (known also as DNA fingerprinting and DNA typing), based on Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplifications of a varying number of Short Tandem Repeat (STR) loci found at different locations on the human genome, are regularly described as constituting the â€Å"gold standard for identification†Read MoreDn The Hereditary Material1685 Words   |  7 PagesDeoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the hereditary material in humans. It is contained in the nucleus of nearly every cell in the human body and is unique to all individuals except in c ases of identical twins. Thus, DNA can be used to identify suspects in forensic casework. DNA can be left behind at forensic crime scenes in a variety of ways. Common sources of human DNA at crime scenes include: saliva, blood, semen, skin, and hair follicles. Saliva samples can provide high-quality and high-quantity DNA, but they doRead MoreBenefits of Immunotherapy from Advances in Immunology and Recombinant Dna Technology3196 Words   |  13 PagesBenefits of Immunotherapy from advances in immunology and recombinant DNA technology. Immunotherapy is a form of medical treatment intended to stimulate or restore the ability of the immune system to fight infection and disease. This can be by inducing, enhancing, or suppressing an immune response. Immunotherapies designed to elicit or amplify an immune response are classified as activation immunotherapies, while those that reduce or suppress immune response are suppression immunotherapies. ActiveRead MoreThe Role of Dna Technology in Crime Investigation5441 Words   |  22 PagesDNA profiling DNA profiling (also called DNA testing, DNA typing, or genetic fingerprinting) is a technique employed by forensic scientists to assist in the identification of individuals on the basis of their respective DNA profiles. DNA profiles are encrypted sets of numbers that reflect a persons DNA makeup, which can also be used as the persons identifier. DNA profiling should not be confused with full genome sequencing. It is used in, for example, parental testing and rape investigationRead MoreDna Testing And Law Enforcement Officers Essay1825 Words   |  8 PagesDNA forensics is a division of forensic science that focuses on the use of genetic material in criminal investigation to answer questions pertaining to legal situations, including criminal and civil cases. Through DNA testing, law enforcement officers are able to identify human remains or the individual responsible for a crime. DNA testing is a highly advanced scientific process that involves replicating the human DNA sequenc e to create a genetic map of an individual. Because of its reliability,

Comparing The Handmaid s Tale With The English Patient

Ze Qin Qiu Contemporary Literature – Essay 1 Comparison of The Handmaid s Tale with The English Patient The Handmaid s Tale by Margaret Atwood and The English Patient by Michael Ondaatje can be considered as two works that reflect the change in writing style common of more modern literature. As opposed to their older counter parts, these works of contemporary literature seem to focus more on the connections, especially that of love, that forms between the characters. In The English Patient, everything from the flashbacks to the sudden change in narrator, serves to outline the connections between the main characters in this story. Similarly in The Handmaid s tale, the flashbacks and inner thoughts of the main protagonist, Offred, serves to demonstrate the connections that influenced her. In both stories, regardless of the time and circumstances, the characters in the book were able to recall connections that were formed and use them to reminisce about the past. It could be said that the two books show humanity s ability to form meaningful connections that are able to surpass the limits of time and space. The English Patient is one of the two such books examined in this paper that show s humanity s ability to form connections that stay with us without regards to time and space. Set in a villa in Italy during WWII, The English Patient focuses on the experiences of a group of people in the midst of this war. One such set of character is the nurse Hana and her

How effective is Shakespeares Portrayal of Hamlet in this extract and throughout the play Essay Example For Students

How effective is Shakespeares Portrayal of Hamlet in this extract and throughout the play Essay To begin with, the extract shows Hamlets gradual increase in anxiety through his vicious words aimed toward himself when he entitles himself as a rogue and peasant slave at the beginning of the extract, showing what little positive remarks he has for his persona and purpose in life. Shakespeare also portrays Hamlet as a rather mentally-unstable, infuriated, frenetic character as the opening of the extract reveals that, throughout Hamlets distressing speech; he is alone, therefore talking to himself in a peculiar manner. Shakespeare then decreases the level of negativity when the reader is drawn to the rhetorical questions posed by Hamlet. What would he do, Had he the motive and the cue for passion that I have? Readers will automatically label Hamlet as a scheming character for his unneeded observation. Hamlets insanity act backfires unintentionally when Hamlet had planned to act preposterous in order for Claudius to believe he is insane. However everyone apart from Claudius falls for it. Eventually Hamlet plays the insanity role so well that he unexpectedly convinces himself that he is insane! Is it not monstrous that this player here, But in a fiction, in a dream of passion, Tears in his eyes, distraction ins aspect, A broken voice, and his whole function suiting With forms to his conceit? And all for nothing! For Hecuba! Whats Hecuba to him, or he to Hecuba, That he should weep for her? These questions paraphrased mean; Isnt it unfair that this actor, pretending to feel such passion could force himself to believe the part that he is playing, so much so that his body adapts itself to suit his acting needs, so that he grows to be disturbed, disconcerted and distressed. Why does he pretend until he truly makes himself weep? For Hecuba! Shakespeare has then portrayed Hamlet as a hypocrite and a talented actor rather than an irate, scheming, immoral character as some would decide. Further throughout the extract is a repeat of more rhetorical questions, emphasising Hamlets attention seeking act to prevent suspicion. He questions himself and his surroundings, Am I a Coward? Who calls me a villain? Breaks my pate across? Plucks off my beard and throws it in my face? Tweaks me by my nose? Who does this to me? The questions, although they seem unanswered, are actually answered from observing Hamlets extremely odd and restless behaviour. The questions show how he is unsure of the situation and he obviously cant accept the fact of the matter, Instead of becoming calm of the events that previously occurred involving the death of his father as being calm could decrease the likely hood of him being suspected of murder. However, Hamlet decides to go to the extremes of acting like a mentally unstable man (which he could well be) but Hamlet over exaggerates the act) to eliminate suspicion. Examples of Hamlets over exaggeration and over reacting occurs throughout the play as he observes and actor in a role which is his reality, his behaviour alters from words such as dull and muddy-mettled, which are not so compelling words. However his vocabulary increases with aggression and intensity to kind-less villain, bitter, abuse, murder, cunning, struck, revenge, hell, treacherous. Shakespeare also portrays parts of Hamlets jealous side when Hamlet analyses an actor acting with forms to his conceit? All for nothing! For Hecuba! Whats Hecuba to him? He complains that this actor is just pretending to be mad with sadness over his problems, whereas, he has real problems and doesnt need to put on an act. Yet further throughout the extract Hamlet defeats the point and becomes hypocritical when he begins to act mad himself. .u78eac9cc9d99135072bcf071470ab26b , .u78eac9cc9d99135072bcf071470ab26b .postImageUrl , .u78eac9cc9d99135072bcf071470ab26b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u78eac9cc9d99135072bcf071470ab26b , .u78eac9cc9d99135072bcf071470ab26b:hover , .u78eac9cc9d99135072bcf071470ab26b:visited , .u78eac9cc9d99135072bcf071470ab26b:active { border:0!important; } .u78eac9cc9d99135072bcf071470ab26b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u78eac9cc9d99135072bcf071470ab26b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u78eac9cc9d99135072bcf071470ab26b:active , .u78eac9cc9d99135072bcf071470ab26b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u78eac9cc9d99135072bcf071470ab26b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u78eac9cc9d99135072bcf071470ab26b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u78eac9cc9d99135072bcf071470ab26b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u78eac9cc9d99135072bcf071470ab26b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u78eac9cc9d99135072bcf071470ab26b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u78eac9cc9d99135072bcf071470ab26b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u78eac9cc9d99135072bcf071470ab26b .u78eac9cc9d99135072bcf071470ab26b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u78eac9cc9d99135072bcf071470ab26b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Example of a "Romeo and Juliet" Coursework EssayPerhaps the lecture to himself early on, was a form of positive criticism and was his insecure way of actually trying to say he is fond of Hecubas role. Therefore, psychologically, Hamlet undecidedly copied the mad upset role of Hecuba. Overall, Shakespeares portrayal of Hamlet in writing is not clear until studied. Just reading the play script from the basic surface of the play, will lead the reader to believe that Hamlet is scheming, conniving, and evil. On the other hand, inside the play Hamlet himself discovers an acting talent and he convinces himself what he has been trying to convince others for a long time. Shakespeare also uses a play in a play method which almost makes the reader feel as if they are Hamlet watching a play. All these techniques are effective to the portrayal of Hamlet.